Hari Aum.
According to the yogis, our ancestors leave a very deep imprint upon our material existence. Modern science has shown that we carry the genes of our parents; we obtain half our genes from our mothers and the other half from our fathers. They, in turn, obtained their genes from their own parents, who in turn obtained theirs from their parents-- and so on and so forth. So, we carry within our physical bodies, genetic material that has been passed down through countless generations.
While it is true that genes are 'shuffled' from generation to generation, we still contain extremely similar genes and traits compared to our ancestors. Some genes may be 'expressed' while others may exist in apparent silence within our physical being. We may thus look and perhaps even behave in a similar way to some of our ancestors, even a generation or two before that of our parents. All of this is on a physical level.
However, the yogis say our connection with our ancestors is much deeper than the blueprint for our physical bodies that they give us.
The yogis tell us that the thoughts, feelings and lives as a whole lived by our ancestors shaped not only their destinies but also those of their descendants, namely ourselves.
We inherit not only their genes, but to a significant extent, their karma; our karma is intertwined deeply with theirs. It is not only raised cholesterol, diabetes and various diseases that can run in families. The yogis say, spiritual and material traits can also very much run in families.
They tell us that souls are not randomly born in families-- they are allocated by the universe to those families where they can receive the results of their own past karmas.
Why should we bother with our ancestral karma as spiritual seekers? Well, the yogis say, this is actually an important topic from the point of view of spiritual progress.
We can only be spiritually free or 'liberated' or 'Self-realised' once we have released all of our own karma. But, we carry within ourselves, the karma of our ancestors to a great extent. (This is why, the yogis say, there can be repeating patterns in families, not only of disease, but also other life events).
The yogis say that our ancestors, being souls, are still very much alive in other realms. One name for this realm of the ancestors is known as 'Pitru loka' (in Sanskrit, 'Pitru' means 'ancestor', and 'loka' means 'realm').
From the realms that they inhabit (outside the Earthly plane), our ancestors are said to be able observe us, their descendants. They are said to be aware of our deeds, and generally take an interest in our welfare.
However, like us, they too are bound souls, trapped within the material realms of samsara (the cycle of birth and death). And they too have minds with their own thoughts and feelings (comprising the 'astral' or subtle/non-physical aspect of their existence).
As we are deeply connected to them, not only physically, but also subtly (through the subconscious layers of our minds), it is said that their unfulfilled desires manifest within us. These can and do influence us according to the yogis.
Gurus, including Sivananda and others, have said that it is our duty to pray for the welfare of these souls who are our ancestors.
And, in the Vedic tradition, there are various special prayers and spiritual rituals that have been performed since time immemorial for the welfare of one's ancestors and the release of our karmic debt towards them. These are very useful for spiritual progress.
One particularly popular one is known as 'tarpanam' or the water ritual. I would like to explain a bit about this here, particularly as we are currently in a sacred period of time known as 'Pitru paksha' or the fortnight dedicated to the ancestors in the Vedic calendar. This occurs in autumn every year and is a particularly good time to perform the tarpanam ritual.
(Note- this ritual applies to householder spiritual seekers; it does not apply to monks/nuns/Swamis who renounce their families and perform another spiritual ritual for their karma).
Just as fire can be used for worship (for example, by performing homams/havans, the sacred fire ritual), so also water can be used for worship in tarpanam. Unlike homams which can be more complex and time consuming, a tarpanam can be a relatively quick and simple procedure (lasting from a couple of minutes to an hour depending upon the time available).
In essence, the tarpanam ritual involves pouring water while reciting specific mantras. The water is poured over the right hand so that it flows in a particular manner.
The human hand, according to the yogis, is not merely a vital structure required for the performance of actions in the material world. It is, they say, a portal to the realms of the demi-gods and ancestors. How so? The tarpanam water ritual provides the answer.
In essence, when one pours water over different parts of the right hand, while chanting specific (simple) mantras, the water is said to purify and bring peace to the souls of our ancestors. Three generations of ancestors on the maternal and paternal sides of the family are traditionally made water offerings in the tarpanam ritual.
Many years ago, I discovered an excellent website with a detailed description on how to perform tarpanam for one's ancestors (it is the same site that I have previously shared on this blog that contains the manuals for the fire ritual or homam). I am referring to the website of Sri PVR Narasimha Rao-- please see below for the link. Just as for homams, he provides free manuals for simple and more complex tarpanam rituals.
I personally perform the simplest version (as this works for me due to my current schedule and commitments; in total this takes me around 5-10 minutes as I pour water a few more times than mentioned in the manual). I admit I do not perform the tarpanam ritual regularly throughout the year but I do try my best to perform this quite a few times during the pitru paksha period.
I have therefore been doing the tarpanam ritual in the past few days in addition to my daily mantra japa. I have found that this simple five minute ritual brings me great peace and makes me feel connected in a positive way to my ancestors (particularly my grandparents who have passed away). I intend to make a greater effort to perform this more regularly in the coming year.
I would recommend performing the tarpanam ritual during this sacred time. The pitru paksha period culminates in an auspicious date known as 'Sarva pitru amavasya' (the new moon day of the lunar fortnight) which occurs on October 2 this year (it varies slightly each year based on the lunar calendar).
This auspicious day in particular is said to be excellent for spiritual practices and especially for tarpanam (like other new moon days, it is not regarded as being particularly auspicious for material activities in accordance with the principles of Vedic astrology). In fact, if there is one day in the year when one should perform tarpanam, it is said to be the day of Sarva pitru amavasya.
This year, it so happens that a solar eclipse will take place on October 2. An eclipse is also a very good time to perform tarpanam (in addition to mantra japa) according to the yogis. So this year's Sarva pitru amavasya is particularly special for worship of God and performance of tarpanam based on the Vedic calendar.
May the souls of our ancestors be at peace, may they be released from their karmas, and may they bless us all with peace, joy and spiritual progress.
Om Namo Narayanaya.
Hari Aum Tat Sat.
Note- if readers are not comfortable with the Sanskrit mantras for tarpanam, but would like to perform the water ritual, I feel that is perfectly acceptable and would recommend saying the prayers (equivalent to the meaning of the mantras) in your own language.
While Sanskrit mantras do have their own value and effect, one's thoughts and feelings also have a powerful effect. While performing the water ritual (and pouring water in the manner described by Sri Rao), I feel it is quite reasonable to make the prayers in one's own native language (if one is not at ease with Sanskrit. However, the mantras for the simplest version of tarpanam, on the website mentioned above, are relatively easy and worth learning if at all possible).
Om Namo Narayanaya.
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